{"id":17,"date":"2026-08-28T15:54:20","date_gmt":"2026-08-28T07:54:20","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/luqimu.xyz\/?p=17"},"modified":"2026-08-28T15:54:21","modified_gmt":"2026-08-28T07:54:21","slug":"%e6%9c%ba%e5%99%a8%e5%ad%a6%e4%b9%a0%e5%85%a5%e9%97%a8","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/luqimu.xyz\/index.php\/2026\/08\/28\/%e6%9c%ba%e5%99%a8%e5%ad%a6%e4%b9%a0%e5%85%a5%e9%97%a8\/","title":{"rendered":"\u673a\u5668\u5b66\u4e60\u5165\u95e8"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u673a\u5668\u5b66\u4e60\u5165\u95e8<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">luqimu<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u4e00.\u57fa\u7840\u77e5\u8bc6\u4e0e\u672f\u8bed<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">1.machine learning<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u5b9a\u4e49:\u5bf9\u4e8e\u4e00\u4e2a\u8ba1\u7b97\u673a\u7a0b\u5e8f\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u5b83\u5229\u7528\u7ecf\u9a8c\uff08E\uff09\u6765\u63d0\u5347\u5728\u67d0\u4e00\u7c7b\u4efb\u52a1\uff08T\uff09\u4e0a\u7684\u6027\u80fd\uff08P\uff09\uff0c\u5e76\u4e14\u8fd9\u79cd\u63d0\u5347\u53ef\u4ee5\u88ab\u5ea6\u91cf\uff08P\uff09\u6240\u9a8c\u8bc1\uff0c\u90a3\u4e48\u6211\u4eec\u5c31\u8bf4\u8fd9\u4e2a\u7a0b\u5e8f\u5177\u6709\u5b66\u4e60\u80fd\u529b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u672c\u8d28\uff1a\u5c31\u662f\u627e\u5230\u4e00\u4e2a\u6700\u4f18\u7684\u6570\u5b66\u51fd\u6570\uff08\u6a21\u578b\uff09\uff0c\u4f7f\u5f97 P\uff08\u6027\u80fd\uff09 \u968f\u7740 E\uff08\u6570\u636e\u7ecf\u9a8c\uff09 \u7684\u589e\u52a0\u800c\u4e0d\u65ad\u63d0\u9ad8\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">2.\u4e09\u8981\u7d20:<strong>\u6a21\u578b+\u7b56\u7565+\u7b97\u6cd5<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">1.\u6a21\u578b:\u786e\u5b9a\u8981\u5b66\u4e60\u7684<strong>\u5047\u8bbe\u7a7a\u95f4<\/strong>\uff0c\u5373\u51b3\u5b9a\u7528\u4ec0\u4e48\u6837\u7684\u6570\u5b66\u7ed3\u6784\u6765\u62df\u5408\u6570\u636e\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">2.\u7b56\u7565:\u786e\u5b9a\u4ece\u5047\u8bbe\u7a7a\u95f4\u4e2d\u9009\u53d6\u6700\u4f18\u6a21\u578b\u7684<strong>\u8bc4\u4ef7\u6807\u51c6<\/strong>\uff08\u5373\u635f\u5931\u51fd\u6570 \/ \u98ce\u9669\u51fd\u6570\uff09\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u7edd\u5bf9\u8bef\u5dee\u548c\u5747\u65b9\u8bef\u5dee(<strong>MSE<\/strong>):\u60e9\u7f5a\u592a\u79bb\u8c31\u7684\u731c\u6d4b<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">3.\u7b97\u6cd5:\u6c42\u89e3\u6700\u4f18\u5316\u95ee\u9898\u7684<strong>\u5177\u4f53\u8ba1\u7b97\u65b9\u6cd5<\/strong>\u3002\u5373\u7528\u4ec0\u4e48\u6837\u7684\u6b65\u9aa4\u53bb\u627e\u5230\u7b56\u7565\u4e2d\u5b9a\u4e49\u7684\u6700\u4f18\u6a21\u578b\u53c2\u6570\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">3.\u673a\u5668\u5b66\u4e60\u548c\u7edf\u8ba1\u5b66\u7684\u5173\u7cfb:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">1.\u6839\u672c\u5dee\u5f02: \u7edf\u8ba1\u5b66:<strong>\u89e3\u91ca<\/strong>\u53d8\u91cf\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u5173\u7cfb\uff08\u8ffd\u6c42<strong>\u56e0\u679c<\/strong>\u548c<strong>\u53ef\u89e3\u91ca\u6027<\/strong>) \u673a\u5668\u5b66\u4e60:\u8fdb\u884c\u9884\u6d4b\uff08\u8ffd\u6c42<strong>\u6548\u679c<\/strong>\u548c<strong>\u6cdb\u5316\u80fd\u529b<\/strong>\uff09<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">2.\u673a\u5668\u5b66\u4e60\u57fa\u4e8e\u7edf\u8ba1\u5b66\u7684\u6846\u67b6<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">4.\u673a\u5668\u5b66\u4e60\u7684\u5206\u7c7b:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">1.<strong>\u76d1\u7763\u5b66\u4e60<\/strong>(supervised learning):<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u903b\u8f91:\u5229\u7528\u5e26\u6709\u660e\u786e\u7b54\u6848\u7684\u5386\u53f2\u6570\u636e\uff0c\u8bad\u7ec3\u51fa\u4e00\u4e2a\u80fd\u4ece\u8f93\u5165\u7279\u5f81\uff08X\uff09\u7cbe\u51c6\u6620\u5c04\u5230\u8f93\u51fa\u76ee\u6807\uff08Y\uff09\u7684\u6570\u5b66\u6a21\u578b\u3002\u5176\u672c\u8d28\u662f<strong>\u901a\u8fc7\u5df2\u77e5\u7ed3\u679c\u6765\u53cd\u63a8\u89c4\u5f8b<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u89e3\u51b3\u95ee\u9898:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>\u5206\u7c7b\uff1a\u8f93\u51fa\u662f\u7c7b\u522b\u3002\u5982\u201c\u5783\u573e\u90ae\u4ef6\/\u6b63\u5e38\u90ae\u4ef6\u201d\u3001\u201c\u732b\/\u72d7\u201d\u3002<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u56de\u5f52\uff1a\u8f93\u51fa\u662f\u8fde\u7eed\u6570\u503c\u5e38\u89c1\u7b97\u6cd5:\u7ebf\u6027\u56de\u5f52\u3001\u903b\u8f91\u56de\u5f52\u3001\u652f\u6301\u5411\u91cf\u673a\uff08SVM\uff09\u3001\u51b3\u7b56\u6811\u3001\u968f\u673a\u68ee\u6797<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">2.<strong>\u65e0\u76d1\u7763\u5b66\u4e60<\/strong>(unsupervised learning):<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u903b\u8f91:\u5728\u5b8c\u5168\u6ca1\u6709\u6807\u6ce8\u4fe1\u606f\uff08\u5373\u65e0Y\u503c\uff09\u7684\u524d\u63d0\u4e0b\uff0c\u4ec5\u4f9d\u9760\u6570\u636e\u672c\u8eab\u7684\u5185\u5728\u5c5e\u6027\uff0c\u81ea\u52a8\u53d1\u6398\u6570\u636e\u4e2d\u9690\u85cf\u7684\u6f5c\u5728\u7ed3\u6784\u6216\u5173\u8054\u6a21\u5f0f\u3002\u5176\u672c\u8d28\u662f\u5bf9\u6570\u636e\u5148\u9a8c\u5206\u5e03\u7684\u4e00\u79cd\u63a2\u7d22\u6027\u63a8\u65ad\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u89e3\u51b3\u95ee\u9898:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>\u805a\u7c7b\uff1a\u628a\u76f8\u4f3c\u7684\u4e1c\u897f\u81ea\u52a8\u5f52\u4e3a\u4e00\u7ec4\u3002<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u964d\u7ef4\uff1a\u628a\u51e0\u5343\u4e2a\u590d\u6742\u7279\u5f81\u538b\u7f29\u6210\u51e0\u4e2a\u6838\u5fc3\u7279\u5f81\uff0c\u65b9\u4fbf\u53ef\u89c6\u5316\u6216\u52a0\u901f\u8ba1\u7b97\u3002\u5e38\u89c1\u7b97\u6cd5:K-Means\u805a\u7c7b\u3001PCA\uff08\u4e3b\u6210\u5206\u5206\u6790\uff09\u3001DBSCAN\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">3.<strong>\u5f3a\u5316\u5b66\u4e60<\/strong>(reinforcement learning):<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u903b\u8f91:\u5728\u4e0e\u52a8\u6001\u73af\u5883\u7684\u6301\u7eed\u4ea4\u4e92\u4e2d\uff0c\u901a\u8fc7\u8bd5\u9519\u673a\u5236\u4e0d\u65ad\u6267\u884c\u52a8\u4f5c\uff0c\u5e76\u6839\u636e\u73af\u5883\u53cd\u9988\u7684\u5ef6\u8fdf\u5956\u52b1\u6765\u8c03\u6574\u81ea\u8eab\u7b56\u7565\u3002\u5176\u6838\u5fc3\u8ffd\u6c42\u662f\u5b9e\u73b0\u957f\u671f\u7d2f\u79ef\u56de\u62a5\u7684\u6700\u5927\u5316<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u89e3\u51b3\u95ee\u9898:\u5e8f\u5217\u51b3\u7b56\u95ee\u9898<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u5e38\u89c1\u7b97\u6cd5:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>\u57fa\u4e8e\u4ef7\u503c\uff08Value-based\uff09<strong>\uff1a<\/strong>Q-Learning<strong>\u3001<\/strong>\u6df1\u5ea6Q\u7f51\u7edc\uff08DQN\uff09<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u57fa\u4e8e\u7b56\u7565\uff08Policy-based\uff09\uff1a\u7b56\u7565\u68af\u5ea6\u6cd5\u3001\u8fd1\u7aef\u7b56\u7565\u4f18\u5316\uff08PPO\uff094.<strong>\u534a\u76d1\u7763\u5b66\u4e60<\/strong>(semi-supervised learning):\u903b\u8f91:\u624b\u5934\u53ea\u6709\u6781\u5c11\u91cf\u7684\u6807\u7b7e\uff0c\u4f46\u6709\u6d77\u91cf\u7684\u65e0\u6807\u7b7e\u6570\u636e\u3002\u5b83\u5148\u628a\u6d77\u91cf\u65e0\u6807\u7b7e\u6570\u636e\u81ea\u5b66\u4e00\u904d\uff0c\u518d\u7528\u90a3\u6781\u5c11\u91cf\u7684\u6709\u6807\u7b7e\u6570\u636e\u505a\u5fae\u8c03\u77eb\u6b63\u3002\u5176\u672c\u8d28\u662f\u5229\u7528\u65e0\u6807\u6ce8\u6570\u636e\u6765\u4fee\u6b63\u548c\u52a0\u56fa\u76d1\u7763\u6a21\u578b\u5bf9\u6574\u4f53\u6570\u636e\u5206\u5e03\u7684\u8ba4\u77e5\u3002\u89e3\u51b3\u95ee\u9898:\u5de5\u7a0b\u843d\u5730\u95ee\u9898\u5e38\u89c1\u7b97\u6cd5:\u81ea\u8bad\u7ec3,\u534f\u540c\u8bad\u7ec3\u56fe,\u534a\u76d1\u7763\u5b66\u4e60<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u5206\u7c7b\u672c\u8d28\u5728\u4e8e<strong>\u53cd\u9988\u4fe1\u606f\u7684\u5b8c\u5907\u7a0b\u5ea6<\/strong>\u4e0d\u540c<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">5.<strong>\u7279\u5316<\/strong>: \u6a21\u578b\u8fc7\u5ea6\u62df\u5408\u4e86\u8bad\u7ec3\u6570\u636e\u968f\u673a\u566a\u58f0\u548c\u5c40\u90e8\u7279\u5f81\uff0c\u5bfc\u81f4\u6a21\u578b\u590d\u6742\u5ea6\u8fdc\u8d85\u6570\u636e\u672c\u8eab\u7684\u771f\u5b9e\u590d\u6742\u5ea6\u3002\u8bad\u7ec3\u8bef\u5dee\u6781\u4f4e,\u4f46\u6d4b\u8bd5\u8bef\u5dee\u5de8\u5927<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>\u6cdb\u5316<\/strong>:\u6a21\u578b\u5728\u6d4b\u8bd5\u96c6 \u4e0a\u7684\u671f\u671b\u9884\u6d4b\u80fd\u529b\u3002\u57fa\u4e8e\u6709\u9650\u6837\u672c\uff0c\u63a8\u65ad\u51fa\u6f5c\u5728\u7684\u603b\u4f53\u5206\u5e03\u89c4\u5f8b\u3002\u8bad\u7ec3\u8bef\u5dee \u2248 \u6d4b\u8bd5\u8bef\u5dee<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">6.<strong>\u6b20\u62df\u5408<\/strong>:\u6307\u6a21\u578b\u6240\u9009\u62e9\u7684\u5047\u8bbe\u7a7a\u95f4\u5bb9\u91cf\u8fc7\u5c0f\uff0c\u5bfc\u81f4\u5176\u65e0\u6cd5\u6355\u6349\u5230\u6570\u636e\u751f\u6210\u5206\u5e03\u4e2d\u7684\u771f\u5b9e\u6570\u636e\u751f\u6210\u5206\u5e03\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u539f\u56e0:1:<strong>\u6a21\u578b\u5bb9\u91cf\u4e0d\u8db3<\/strong>:\u5047\u8bbe\u7a7a\u95f4\u7684VC\u7ef4\u8fdc\u4f4e\u4e8e\u771f\u5b9e\u51fd\u6570\u7684\u590d\u6742\u5ea6\u3002\u6a21\u578b\u7684\u8868\u8fbe\u80fd\u529b\u4e0d\u8db3\u4ee5\u8986\u76d6\u76ee\u6807\u51fd\u6570\u7684\u975e\u7ebf\u6027\u7a0b\u5ea6\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">2: <strong>\u7279\u5f81\u4fe1\u606f\u532e\u4e4f<\/strong>:\u8f93\u5165\u7279\u5f81 <em>X<\/em> \u4e0e\u8f93\u51fa <em>Y<\/em> \u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u4e92\u4fe1\u606f\u8fc7\u4f4e\u3002\u7279\u5f81\u7a7a\u95f4\u672a\u80fd\u6709\u6548\u5305\u542b\u9884\u6d4b\u6240\u9700\u7684\u5224\u522b\u6027\u4fe1\u606f\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">3: <strong>\u8fc7\u5ea6\u6b63\u5219\u5316<\/strong>:\u5728\u4f18\u5316\u76ee\u6807\uff08\u635f\u5931\u51fd\u6570 + \u6b63\u5219\u9879\uff09\u4e2d\uff0c\u6b63\u5219\u5316\u7cfb\u6570 \u03bb<em>\u03bb<\/em> \u8bbe\u7f6e\u8fc7\u5927\uff0c\u5bfc\u81f4\u6a21\u578b\u53c2\u6570\u88ab\u8fc7\u5ea6\u6536\u7f29\u5411\u96f6\uff0c\u4eba\u4e3a\u627c\u6740\u4e86\u6a21\u578b\u5bf9\u6570\u636e\u7ec6\u5fae\u7ed3\u6784\u7684\u63a2\u7d22\u80fd\u529b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u89e3\u51b3\u65b9\u6848:\u63d0\u5347\u6a21\u578b\u5bb9\u91cf,\u4f18\u5316\u7279\u5f81\u5de5\u7a0b,\u653e\u677e\u6b63\u5219\u5316\u7ea6\u675f,\u8c03\u6574\u4f18\u5316\u8d85\u53c2,\u96c6\u6210\u5f31\u5b66\u4e60\u5668<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>\u8fc7\u62df\u5408<\/strong>:\u5b66\u4e60\u7b97\u6cd5\u6240\u9009\u7684\u5047\u8bbe\u7a7a\u95f4\u5bb9\u91cf\u8fc7\u5927\uff0c\u5bfc\u81f4\u6a21\u578b\u4e0d\u4ec5\u6355\u6349\u5230\u4e86\u8bad\u7ec3\u6570\u636e\u4e2d\u7684\u771f\u5b9e\u4fe1\u53f7\uff0c\u8fd8\u5f3a\u884c\u62df\u5408\u4e86\u6570\u636e\u4e2d\u7684\u968f\u673a\u566a\u58f0\u548c\u5076\u7136\u6ce2\u52a8<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u539f\u56e0:1. <strong>\u6a21\u578b\u5bb9\u91cf\u8fc7\u5269<\/strong>:\u5047\u8bbe\u7a7a\u95f4\u7684VC\u7ef4\u8fdc\u8d85\u8bad\u7ec3\u6837\u672c\u91cf <em>N<\/em>\u3002\u6a21\u578b\u7684\u8868\u8fbe\u80fd\u529b\u8fc7\u4e8e\u5f3a\u5927\uff0c\u81ea\u7531\u5ea6\u592a\u9ad8\uff0c\u8db3\u4ee5\u626d\u66f2\u81ea\u8eab\u53bb\u7a7f\u8fc7\u6bcf\u4e00\u4e2a\u6837\u672c\u70b9\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">2.<strong>\u8bad\u7ec3\u6570\u636e\u7a00\u7f3a<\/strong>:\u8bad\u7ec3\u96c6\u89c4\u6a21 <em>N<\/em> \u8fc7\u5c0f\uff0c\u65e0\u6cd5\u8986\u76d6\u771f\u5b9e\u6570\u636e\u5206\u5e03\u7684<strong>\u5168\u8c8c<\/strong>\u3002\u6a21\u578b\u628a\u62bd\u6837\u5e26\u6765\u7684\u5de7\u5408\u5f53\u6210\u4e86\u666e\u9002\u89c4\u5f8b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">3.<strong>\u8bad\u7ec3\u8fed\u4ee3\u8fc7\u5ea6<\/strong>:\u4f18\u5316\u7b97\u6cd5\uff08\u5982\u68af\u5ea6\u4e0b\u964d\uff09\u5728\u8bef\u5dee\u66f2\u9762\u4e0a\u8fed\u4ee3\u6b65\u6570\u8fc7\u591a\uff0c\u5bfc\u81f4\u53c2\u6570\u5728\u6536\u655b\u5230\u5168\u5c40\u6700\u4f18\u4e4b\u540e\uff0c\u7ee7\u7eed\u671d\u7740\u62df\u5408\u7279\u5b9a\u6279\u6b21\u566a\u58f0\u7684\u65b9\u5411\u504f\u79fb\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u89e3\u51b3\u65b9\u6cd5:\u7b2c\u4e00\u7c7b:\u6539\u53d8\u635f\u5931\u51fd\u6570<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>\u5cad\u56de\u5f52<\/strong>:L2\u8303\u6570\u60e9\u7f5a\uff08\u53c2\u6570\u6743\u91cd\u7684\u5e73\u65b9\u548c\uff09<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Lasso<\/strong>:L1\u8303\u6570\u60e9\u7f5a\uff08\u53c2\u6570\u6743\u91cd\u7684\u7edd\u5bf9\u503c\u4e4b\u548c)<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u7b2c\u4e8c\u7c7b:\u6539\u53d8\u8bad\u7ec3\u8fc7\u7a0b<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Dropout<\/strong>:\u795e\u7ecf\u5143\u968f\u673a\u5931\u6d3b,\u6bcf\u8f6e\u8bad\u7ec3\uff0c\u4ee5\u4e00\u5b9a\u6982\u7387\u968f\u673a\u6390\u6389\u9690\u85cf\u5c42\u7684\u90e8\u5206\u795e\u7ecf\u5143\uff0c\u4e0d\u8ba9\u4ed6\u4eec\u53c2\u4e0e\u524d\u5411\u548c\u53cd\u5411\u4f20\u64ad\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>\u65e9\u505c<\/strong>:\u57fa\u4e8e\u9a8c\u8bc1\u96c6\u7684\u622a\u65ad\u6536\u655b\u3002\u5728\u8bad\u7ec3\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4e2d\u76d1\u6d4b\u9a8c\u8bc1\u96c6\u8bef\u5dee\uff0c\u5f53\u9a8c\u8bc1\u96c6\u6027\u80fd\u4e0d\u518d\u63d0\u5347\u65f6\u505c\u6b62\u8bad\u7ec3\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u7b2c\u4e09\u7c7b:\u96c6\u6210\u5b66\u4e60<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>bagging<\/strong>:\u5e76\u884c\u8bad\u7ec3\u591a\u4e2a\u76f8\u4e92\u72ec\u7acb\u7684\u901a\u8fc7\u4e0d\u540c\u6570\u636e\u5b50\u96c6\u8bad\u7ec3\u51fa\u6709\u5dee\u5f02\u7684\u6a21\u578b\uff0c\u6700\u7ec8\u901a\u8fc7\u6295\u7968\/\u5e73\u5747\u51b3\u5b9a\u7ed3\u679c<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>boosting<\/strong>:\u4e32\u884c\u8bad\u7ec3\u5f31\u5b66\u4e60\u5668\uff0c\u540e\u4e00\u4e2a\u6a21\u578b\u91cd\u70b9\u7ea0\u6b63\u524d\u4e00\u4e2a\u6a21\u578b\u72af\u9519\u7684\u6837\u672c\uff0c\u6700\u7ec8\u52a0\u6743\u7ed3\u5408\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">7.<strong>\u5f52\u7eb3\u504f\u597d<\/strong>:\u673a\u5668\u5b66\u4e60\u7b97\u6cd5\u5728\u9762\u5bf9\u4e0d\u786e\u5b9a\u6027\uff08\u5373\u8bad\u7ec3\u6570\u636e\u4e0d\u8db3\u6216\u5b58\u5728\u591a\u4e2a\u7b49\u6548\u89e3\uff09\u65f6\uff0c\u6240\u8868\u73b0\u51fa\u7684\u4e00\u79cd<strong>\u503e\u5411\u6027\u5047\u8bbe<\/strong>\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>\u5965\u5361\u59c6\u5243\u5200<\/strong>:\u5728\u591a\u4e2a\u540c\u6837\u80fd\u591f\u89e3\u91ca\u62df\u5408\u73b0\u6709\u6570\u636e\u7684\u5047\u8bbe\u6216\u6a21\u578b\u4e2d\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u5e94\u8be5\u9009\u62e9<strong>\u6700\u7b80\u5355\u3001\u5047\u8bbe\u6700\u5c11<\/strong>\u7684\u90a3\u4e00\u4e2a\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">&#8220;Entities should not be multiplied without necessity.&#8221;*<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>NFL\u5b9a\u7406<\/strong>(No Free Lunch):\u5728\u6240\u6709\u53ef\u80fd\u7684\u76ee\u6807\u51fd\u6570\uff08\u6216\u6570\u636e\u751f\u6210\u5206\u5e03\uff09\u4e0a\u53d6\u5e73\u5747\uff0c\u4efb\u4f55\u4e24\u4e2a\u5b66\u4e60\u7b97\u6cd5\uff08\u65e0\u8bba\u5176\u590d\u6742\u7a0b\u5ea6\u5982\u4f55\uff09\u7684\u671f\u671b\u6cdb\u5316\u8bef\u5dee\u662f\u5b8c\u5168\u76f8\u540c\u7684\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">8.<strong>\u6570\u636e\u96c6\u7684\u5212\u5206<\/strong>:\u5728\u673a\u5668\u5b66\u4e60\u4e2d\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u8bad\u7ec3\u4e00\u4e2a\u6a21\u578b\u7684\u76ee\u7684\u4e0d\u662f\u8ba9\u5b83<strong>\u53ea\u8bb0\u4f4f\u5df2\u6709\u6570\u636e<\/strong>\uff0c\u800c\u662f\u5e0c\u671b\u5b83\u80fd\u591f\u5bf9<strong>\u6ca1\u6709\u89c1\u8fc7\u7684\u65b0\u6570\u636e<\/strong>\u4e5f\u6709\u8f83\u597d\u7684\u9884\u6d4b\u80fd\u529b\u3002\u9700\u8981\u5c06\u6570\u636e\u5212\u6210\u4e09\u4e2a\u90e8\u5206:\u8bad\u7ec3\u6a21\u578b,\u8c03\u6574\u53c2\u6570,\u8bc4\u4ef7\u6027\u80fd<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>\u5212\u5206\u65b9\u6cd5<\/strong>:\u7559\u51fa\u6cd5:\u4e92\u4e0d\u76f8\u4ea4 \u4ea4\u53c9\u9a8c\u8bc1\u6cd5:(k\u6298\u4ea4\u53c9\u9a8c\u8bc1)\u8ba9\u6bcf\u4e00\u6761\u6570\u636e\u90fd\u6709\u673a\u4f1a\u4f5c\u4e3a\u6d4b\u8bd5\u6570\u636e\uff0c\u540c\u65f6\u4e5f\u53c2\u4e0e\u8bad\u7ec3\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u81ea\u52a9\u6cd5(Pull oneself up by one&#8217;s bootstrap):\u6709\u653e\u56de\u62bd\u6837(\u968f\u673a\u68ee\u6797)<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">9.<strong>\u6a21\u578b\u6027\u80fd\u5ea6\u91cf<\/strong>:\u5206\u7c7b\u6df7\u6dc6\u77e9\u9635 TP:\u771f\u6b63\u4f8b&amp;TN:\u771f\u8d1f\u4f8b&amp;FP:\u5047\u6b63\u4f8b&amp;FN:\u5047\u8d1f\u4f8b<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u9519\u8bef\u7387E=a\/m\u00d7100% \u6b63\u786e\u7387Accuracy=1-E \u67e5\u51c6\u7387P:Precision(p)=TP\/TP+FP(\u7ed3\u679c\u8d28\u91cf) \u67e5\u5168\u7387R:Recall(R)=TP\/TP+FN(\u53d1\u73b0\u80fd\u529b)<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">F1(P+R):F1=2PR\/P+R<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>\u7c7b\u522b\u4e0d\u5e73\u8861\u95ee\u9898<\/strong>:\u591a\u79cd\u6307\u6807\u8bc4\u4f30:precision,recall,f1,auc<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>\u56de\u5f52\u6a21\u578b\u8bc4\u4ef7<\/strong>:1.\u5747\u65b9\u8bef\u5dee MSE=n1\u2211(yi\u2212y^i)2<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">2.\u5747\u65b9\u6839\u8bef\u5dee RMSE=\\sqrt{MSE}<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">3\u5e73\u5747\u7edd\u5bf9\u8bef\u5deeMAE=n1\u2211\u2223yi\u2212y^i\u2223<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">10.<strong>\u6a21\u578b\u4f18\u5316\u4e0e\u8bc4\u4ef7<\/strong>:1.\u8d85\u53c2\u6570\u8c03\u4f18:\u6a21\u578b\u53c2\u6570\u548c\u8d85\u53c2\u6570(\u5728\u8bad\u7ec3\u6a21\u578b\u524d\u4eba\u5de5\u8bbe\u7f6e\u7684\u53c2\u6570):\u51b3\u7b56\u6570,k\u8fd1\u90bb,\u795e\u7ecf\u7f51\u7edc<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u5e38\u89c1\u65b9\u6cd5:1.\u7f51\u683c\u641c\u7d22.2.\u968f\u673a\u641c\u7d22.3.\u8d1d\u53f6\u65af\u4f18\u5316<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">2.ROC\u66f2\u7ebf(SF\u66f2\u7ebf):\u89c2\u5bdf\u9608\u503c\u53d8\u5316\u65f6\uff0c\u6a21\u578b\u6027\u80fd\u5982\u4f55\u53d8\u5316\u3002\u7528\u4e8e\u4e8c\u5206\u7c7b\u6a21\u578b\u6027\u80fd\u8bc4\u4ef7\u3002(\u7c7b\u522b\u4e0d\u5e73\u8861\u65f6\u53ef\u80fd\u8fc7\u4e8e\u4e50\u89c2\u3002)<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>\u770b\u6a21\u578b\u6574\u4f53\u533a\u5206\u6b63\u8d1f\u6837\u672c\u80fd\u529b\u3002<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u6a2a\u8f74:\u5047\u6b63\u4f8b\u7387FPR=FP\/FP+TN \u7eb5\u8f74:\u771f\u6b63\u4f8b\u7387:TPR=TP\/TP+FN(Recall)<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u597d\u7684\u6a21\u578b\u66f2\u7ebf\u9760\u8fd1\u5de6\u4e0a\u89d2<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">3.AUC(Area under curve):ROC\u66f2\u7ebf\u4e0b\u7684\u9762\u79ef 0\u2264AUC\u22641<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u7406\u89e3:\u968f\u673a\u9009\u62e9\u4e00\u4e2a\u6b63\u6837\u672c\u548c\u4e00\u4e2a\u8d1f\u6837\u672c\uff0c\u6a21\u578b\u628a\u6b63\u6837\u672c\u6392\u5728\u8d1f\u6837\u672c\u524d\u9762\u7684\u6982\u7387\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">4.PR\u66f2\u7ebf:\u7eb5\u8f74:precision \u6a2a\u8f74:recall(\u6570\u636e\u4e0d\u5747\u8861\u65f6\u4f7f\u7528)<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>\u770b\u6a21\u578b\u627e\u5230\u6b63\u6837\u672c\u7684\u80fd\u529b\u3002<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u4e8c.\u6570\u636e\u5de5\u7a0b\u4e0e\u673a\u5668\u5b66\u4e60<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">1.<strong>\u5b9a\u4e49<\/strong>:\u5bf9\u6570\u636e\u8fdb\u884c\u91c7\u96c6\u3001\u5b58\u50a8\u3001\u5904\u7406\u3001\u8f6c\u6362\uff0c\u4f7f\u5176\u80fd\u591f\u88ab\u5206\u6790\u548c\u673a\u5668\u5b66\u4e60\u6a21\u578b\u6709\u6548\u5229\u7528\u7684\u8fc7\u7a0b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">2.<strong>\u57fa\u672c\u6b65\u9aa4<\/strong>:\u6570\u636e\u91c7\u96c6 \u6570\u636e\u5b58\u50a8 \u6570\u636e\u6e05\u6d17 \u6570\u636e\u96c6\u6210 \u6570\u636e\u8f6c\u6362 \u7279\u5f81\u5de5\u7a0b \u6570\u636e\u5212\u5206 \u6a21\u578b\u8bad\u7ec3<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">3.<strong>\u6709\u76d1\u7763\u5b66\u4e60\u7684\u57fa\u672c\u6b65\u9aa4<\/strong>:\u6570\u636e\u5305\u542b:\u8f93\u5165\u6570\u636e&amp;&amp;\u6807\u7b7e D={(x1,y1),(x2,y2),&#8230;,(xn,yn)}<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u6570\u636e\u6536\u96c6 \u6570\u636e\u9884\u5904\u7406 \u6570\u636e\u5212\u5206 \u9009\u62e9\u6a21\u578b \u6a21\u578b\u8bad\u7ec3 \u6a21\u578b\u8bc4\u4ef7 \u6a21\u578b\u8c03\u4f18 \u6a21\u578b\u90e8\u7f72<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">4.<strong>\u7279\u5f81\u5de5\u7a0b<\/strong>:\u5c06\u539f\u59cb\u6570\u636e\u8f6c\u6362\u4e3a\u673a\u5668\u5b66\u4e60\u6a21\u578b\u80fd\u591f\u7406\u89e3\u5e76\u6709\u6548\u5229\u7528\u7684\u7279\u5f81\u7684\u8fc7\u7a0b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">1.\u5411\u91cf\u5316 2.\u7279\u5f81\u9009\u62e9(\u8fc7\u6ee4\u5f0f,\u5305\u88f9\u5f0f,\u5d4c\u5165\u5f0f)<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">3.\u5206\u7c7b\u7279\u5f81(\u65e0\u5e8f\u7c7b\u522b&amp;&amp;\u6709\u5e8f\u7c7b\u522b) \u6709\u5e8f\u5904\u7406\u65b9\u6cd5:One-hot Encoding,Label Encoding,Target Encoding<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">4.\u6587\u672c\u7279\u5f81:\u8bcd\u888b\u6a21\u578b(BOW)<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">TF-IDF:\u4e00\u4e2a\u8bcd\u5982\u679c\u5728\u5f53\u524d\u6587\u7ae0\u7ecf\u5e38\u51fa\u73b0,\u5728\u5176\u4ed6\u6587\u7ae0\u5f88\u5c11\u51fa\u73b0\u90a3\u4e48\u91cd\u8981\u3002TF\u2212IDF=TF\u00d7IDF<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u8bcd\u5411\u91cf<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">5.\u56fe\u50cf\u7279\u5f81:\u50cf\u7d20\u77e9\u9635 \u4e3b\u8981\u4f7f\u7528CNN<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">6.\u884d\u751f\u7279\u5f81:\u6839\u636e\u5df2\u6709\u7279\u5f81\u521b\u9020\u65b0\u7684\u7279\u5f81\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">5.<strong>\u6570\u636e\u9884\u5904\u7406<\/strong>:Garbage in,garbage out<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">1.\u5212\u5206\u8bad\u7ec3\u96c6,\u9a8c\u8bc1\u96c6,\u6d4b\u8bd5\u96c6(\u9632\u6b62\u6570\u636e\u6cc4\u9732\u539f\u5219:\u6240\u6709fit\u64cd\u4f5c\u53ea\u5728\u8bad\u7ec3\u96c6\u4e0a\u8fdb\u884c,\u6d4b\u8bd5\u96c6\u53ea\u505atransform)<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-preformatted\">        X = df.drop('Survived', axis=1)<br>        y = df['Survived']d#\u5b9a\u4e49\u7279\u5f81x\u548c\u76ee\u6807\u6807\u7b7ey<br> &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;X_train, X_test, y_train, y_test = train_test_split(<br> &nbsp;       X, y,<br> &nbsp;      test_size=0.2,<br> &nbsp;      random_state=42, &nbsp; &nbsp; # \u56fa\u5b9a\u968f\u673a\u79cd\u5b50\uff0c\u4fdd\u8bc1\u53ef\u590d\u73b0<br> &nbsp;      stratify=y &nbsp;  ) &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; # \u5206\u5c42\u62bd\u6837\uff0c\u4fdd\u6301\u6b63\u8d1f\u6837\u672c\u6bd4\u4f8b\u4e00\u81f4<\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">2.\u6570\u636e\u63a2\u7d22\u5206\u6790(EDA):X_train.info()<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">3.\u6570\u636e\u6e05\u6d17<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">1.<strong>\u5904\u7406\u91cd\u590d\u503c<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-preformatted\">            # \u5982\u679c\u6709\u91cd\u590d\u884c<br>        if duplicates &gt; 0:<br> &nbsp;      X_train = X_train.drop_duplicates()<br> &nbsp;      y_train = y_train[X_train.index] &nbsp;# \u4fdd\u6301 y \u4e0e X \u540c\u6b65<\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">2.<strong>\u5904\u7406\u7f3a\u5931\u503c<\/strong>:\u7f3a\u5931\u7387\u6781\u4f4e\u5220\u6837\u672c\u884c,\u7f3a\u5931\u7387\u6781\u9ad8\u5220\u6574\u5217<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u6570\u503c\u578b\u7528\u4e2d\u4f4d\u6570\u6216\u5747\u503c\u586b\u5145,\u7c7b\u522b\u578b\u7528\u4f17\u6570\u586b\u5145<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-preformatted\">age_imputer = SimpleImputer(strategy='median\/\/most_frequent')<br>age_imputer.fit(X_train[['Age']]) &nbsp;# fit \u53ea\u7528\u8bad\u7ec3\u96c6<br>\u200b<br>X_train['Age'] = age_imputer.transform(X_train[['Age']]).ravel()<br>\u200b<br>X_test['Age'] = age_imputer.transform(X_test[['Age']]).ravel() &nbsp;# \u7528\u8bad\u7ec3\u96c6\u7684\u4e2d\u4f4d\u6570<\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">3.\u5f02\u5e38\u503c\u68c0\u6d4b:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-preformatted\"> &nbsp; &nbsp;for i, col in enumerate(['Age', 'Fare', 'SibSp']):<br> &nbsp; &nbsp;X_train.boxplot(column=col, ax=axes[i])<br> &nbsp; &nbsp;axes[i].set_title(f'{col} Boxplot')<\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u91c7\u7528IQR,\u622a\u65ad\u7b56\u7565:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-preformatted\">Q1 = data[column].quantile(0.25)<br>Q3 = data[column].quantile(0.75)<br>\u200b<br>IQR = Q3 - Q1<br>\u200b<br>lower = max(0, Q1 - factor * IQR)<br>upper = Q3 + factor * IQR<\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">4.\u7279\u5f81\u7f16\u7801<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u76ee\u7684:\u5c06\u6587\u672c\u6620\u5c04\u4e3a\u6570\u503c,\u4f7f\u6a21\u578b \u80fd\u8fdb\u884c\u6570\u5b66\u8fd0\u7b97<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u5e8f\u6570\u7f16\u7801:\u4fdd\u7559\u4e25\u683c\u987a\u5e8f<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u72ec\u70ed\u7f16\u7801:\u65e0\u5927\u5c0f\u987a\u5e8f\u4e4b\u5206,\u75280,1\u8868\u793a,\u6d88\u9664\u865a\u5047\u7684\u5927\u5c0f\u5173\u7cfb<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u7f3a\u70b9:\u6570\u636e\u7a00\u758f ,\u5efa\u8bae\u4f7f\u7528embedding<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u6807\u7b7e\u7f16\u7801:\u5f15\u5165\u6570\u503c\u5927\u5c0f(\u4e8c\u5206\u7c7b,\u5206\u7c7b\u4efb\u52a1,\u6811\u6a21\u578b)<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">5.\u7279\u5f81\u6784\u9020\u4e0e\u5220\u9664:\u5408\u5e76\u7279\u5f81,\u63d0\u53d6\u4fe1\u606f,\u5220\u51cf\u566a\u97f3<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">6.\u7279\u5f81\u7f29\u653e:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u6807\u51c6\u5316:z=x\u2212\u03bc\/\u03c3 \u76ee\u6807:\u628a\u539f\u59cb\u6570\u636e\u8f6c\u6362\u6210\u5747\u503c\u4e3a 0\uff0c\u6807\u51c6\u5dee\u4e3a 1 \u7684\u5206\u5e03\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u5f52\u4e00\u5316:x\u2032=x\u2212xmin\/xmax\u2212xmin \u76ee\u6807:\u628a\u6570\u636e\u7ebf\u6027\u8f6c\u6362\u5230\u4e00\u4e2a\u56fa\u5b9a\u533a\u95f4\uff0c\u6700\u5e38\u89c1\u7684\u662f [0,1]\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u4e09.\u673a\u5668\u5b66\u4e60\u57fa\u672c\u6a21\u578b<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\">1.\u7ebf\u6027\u56de\u5f52<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u76ee\u6807\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<blockquote class=\"wp-block-quote is-layout-flow wp-block-quote-is-layout-flow\">\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u5b66\u4e60\u8f93\u5165\u7279\u5f81 X \u4e0e\u8f93\u51fa Y \u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u7ebf\u6027\u5173\u7cfb\uff0c\u7528\u4e8e\u9884\u6d4b\u8fde\u7eed\u6570\u503c\u3002<\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u6838\u5fc3:\u627e\u4e00\u6761\u6700\u7b26\u5408\u6570\u636e\u89c4\u5f8b\u7684\u76f4\u7ebf\uff0c\u7528\u5b83\u9884\u6d4b\u672a\u6765\u7684\u6570\u636e\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u4e00\u5143\u7ebf\u6027\u56de\u5f52:y=wx+b<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u591a\u5143\u7ebf\u6027\u56de\u5f52:y=w1x1+w2x2+&#8230;+wnxn+b<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\">2.\u68af\u5ea6\u4e0b\u964d<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u601d\u60f3\uff1a\u4e0d\u65ad\u8c03\u6574\u53c2\u6570\uff0c\u4f7f\u635f\u5931\u51fd\u6570\u4e0b\u964d\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u635f\u5931\u51fd\u6570:\u7ebf\u6027\u56de\u5f52+MSE=\u51f8\u51fd\u6570<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u6982\u5ff5:\u628a\u6240\u6709\u53d8\u91cf\u7684\u504f\u5bfc\u6570\u7ec4\u5408\u6210\u4e00\u4e2a\u5411\u91cf\uff0c\u5c31\u5f97\u5230\u4e86\u68af\u5ea6\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h5 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u68af\u5ea6\u7684\u91cd\u8981\u6027\u8d28<\/h5>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>\u68af\u5ea6\u7684\u65b9\u5411\uff0c\u662f\u51fd\u6570\u503c\u589e\u957f\u6700\u5feb\u7684\u65b9\u5411\u3002<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u68af\u5ea6\u7684\u53cd\u65b9\u5411\uff0c\u5c31\u662f\u51fd\u6570\u503c\u4e0b\u964d\u6700\u5feb\u7684\u65b9\u5411\u3002\u68af\u5ea6\u4e0b\u964d\u8fed\u4ee3\u516c\u5f0f:$$<br>\\theta_{new} = \\theta_{old} &#8211; \\eta \\cdot \\nabla L(\\theta_{old})<br>$$<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u63a8\u5bfc\u8fc7\u7a0b:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">$$<br>\\nabla L(w,b)=\\left(\\frac{\\partial L}{\\partial w},\\frac{\\partial L}{\\partial b}\\right)<br>$$<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u635f\u5931\u51fd\u6570\uff08MSE\uff09<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">$$<br>MSE= \\frac{1}{n} \\sum_{i=1}^{n} (\\hat{y}_i-y_i)^2<br>$$<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">$$<br>L(w,b)= \\frac{1}{n} \\sum_{i=1}^{n} (wx_i+b-y_i)^2<br>$$<\/p>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u4f7f\u7528\u94fe\u5f0f\u6cd5\u5219\u5206\u522b\u5bf9 w \u548c b \u6c42\u504f\u5bfc\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">$$<br>\\frac{dy}{dx} = \\frac{dy}{du} \\cdot \\frac{du}{dx}<br>$$<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">$$<br>\\frac{\\partial L}{\\partial w} = \\frac{2}{n} \\sum_{i=1}^{n} (wx_i+b-y_i)\\cdot x_i<br>$$<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">$$<br>\\frac{\\partial L}{\\partial b} = \\frac{2}{n} \\sum_{i=1}^{n} (wx_i+b-y_i)<br>$$<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u4f18\u5316\u7b97\u6cd5:\u52a8\u91cf\u6cd5(\u65b9\u5411\u52a0\u901f).AdaGrad,RmsProp(\u81ea\u9002\u5e94\u6b65\u5e45),Adam(\u81ea\u9002\u5e94\u77e9\u4f30\u8ba1)<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u68af\u5ea6\u4e0b\u964d\u7684\u53d8\u4f53:\u5168\u91cf(BGD),\u968f\u673a(SGD),\u5c0f\u6279\u91cf(Mini-batch)<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u8bad\u7ec3\u7684\u6838\u5fc3<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>\u524d\u5411\u4f20\u64ad<\/strong>\uff1a\u8ba1\u7b97\u8f93\u51fa\u548c\u635f\u5931\u503c<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>\u53cd\u5411\u4f20\u64ad<\/strong>\uff1a\u5229\u7528\u94fe\u5f0f\u6cd5\u5219\u8ba1\u7b97\u68af\u5ea6<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>\u68af\u5ea6\u4e0b\u964d<\/strong>\uff1a\u62ff\u5230\u68af\u5ea6\u540e\u66f4\u65b0\u53c2\u6570<\/p>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>\u6df1\u5ea6\u5b66\u4e60\u8bad\u7ec3 = \u53cd\u5411\u4f20\u64ad + \u68af\u5ea6\u4e0b\u964d<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\">3.\u903b\u8f91\u56de\u5f52<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u7ebf\u6027\u56de\u5f52\u89e3\u51b3\u662f\u591a\u5c11\u7684\u95ee\u9898,\u903b\u8f91\u56de\u5f52\u89e3\u51b3\u5c5e\u4e8e\u54ea\u4e00\u7c7b\u7684\u95ee\u9898<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>\u672c\u8d28<\/strong>:\u903b\u8f91\u56de\u5f52\u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u7528\u4e8e\u5206\u7c7b\u4efb\u52a1\u7684\u76d1\u7763\u5b66\u4e60\u7b97\u6cd5<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u5728\u7ebf\u6027\u56de\u5f52\u4e0a\u589e\u52a0\u4e86\u5206\u7c7b\u529f\u80fd<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u7b2c\u4e00\u6b65:\u8ba1\u7b97z=w1x1+w2x2+&#8230;+b<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u7b2c\u4e8c\u6b65:\u5229\u7528sigmoid\u51fd\u6570\u8f6c\u5316z:\u03c3(z)=1\/1+e^{-z}<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u635f\u5931\u51fd\u6570:\u7ebf\u6027\u56de\u5f52+MSE=\u975e\u51f8\u51fd\u6570(\u5c40\u90e8\u6700\u4f18_\u68af\u5ea6\u6d88\u5931)<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u57fa\u7840\u5de5\u5177:\u5bf9\u6570\u51fd\u6570:1.\u6700\u5927\u5316\u67d0\u4e2a\u6982\u7387\u5b8c\u5168\u7b49\u4ef7\u4e8e\u6700\u5927\u5316\u5b83\u7684\u5bf9\u6570<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">2.\u9632\u6b62\u6570\u503c\u4e0b\u6ea2\u51fa:log(a*b)=loga+logb<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u7edf\u4e00\u6982\u7387\u516c\u5f0f\u7ed3\u5408\u903b\u8f91\u56de\u5f52:p(y|x)=\\hat{y}^{y}(1-\\hat{y}^{1-y})<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u6700\u5927\u4f3c\u7136\u4f30\u8ba1:\u65e2\u7136\u4e8b\u60c5\u5df2\u7ecf\u53d1\u751f\u90a3\u4e48\u8ba9\u4e8b\u60c5\u53d1\u751f\u6982\u7387\u6700\u5927\u7684\u53c2\u6570,\u5c31\u662f\u6700\u597d\u7684\u53c2\u6570<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u4f3c\u7136:\u662f\u5728\u5df2\u77e5\u89c2\u6d4b\u6570\u636e\u7684\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\u8bc4\u4f30\u672a\u77e5\u6a21\u578b\u53c2\u6570\u7684\u53ef\u80fd\u6027<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u4ea4\u53c9\u71b5\u635f\u5931\u51fd\u6570:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">$$<br>J(\\theta) = -\\frac{1}{m} \\sum_{i=1}^{m} \\left[ y_i\\log(\\hat{y}_i) + (1-y_i)\\log(1-\\hat{y}_i) \\right]<br>$$<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\">4.\u51b3\u7b56\u6811<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u51b3\u7b56\u6811\u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u6a21\u4eff\u4eba\u7c7b\u51b3\u7b56\u65f6\u5c42\u5c42\u63d0\u95ee\u65b9\u5f0f\u7684\u673a\u5668\u5b66\u4e60\u7b97\u6cd5.\u5b83\u5c06\u6570\u636e\u6309\u7167\u4e0d\u540c\u7279\u5f81\u8fdb\u884c\u9012\u5f52\u5206\u88c2,\u6700\u7ec8\u5f62\u6210\u5012\u7acb\u7684\u6811\u72b6\u7ed3\u6784<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u71b5:\u6765\u81ea\u7269\u7406\u4e0e\u4fe1\u606f\u8bba,\u7528\u6765\u8861\u91cf\u4e00\u4e2a\u8282\u70b9\u4e2d\u5404\u7c7b\u522b\u5206\u5e03\u7684\u6df7\u4e71\u7a0b\u5ea6<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u57fa\u5c3c\u7cfb\u6570:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Gini(D) = 1 &#8211; \\sum_{k=1}^{K} p_k^2<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Gini(D) = \\sum_{k=1}^{K} p_k(1-p_k)<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u968f\u673a\u4ece\u8282\u70b9\u4e2d\u62bd\u53d6\u4e24\u4e2a\u6837\u672c,\u5b83\u4eec\u5c5e\u4e8e\u4e0d\u540c\u7c7b\u522b\u7684\u6982\u7387<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u526a\u679d:\u9632\u6b62\u8fc7\u62df\u5408(pruning)<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u9884\u526a\u679d:\u9650\u5236\u6700\u5927\u6df1\u5ea6,\u9650\u5236\u53f6\u8282\u70b9\u6700\u5c0f\u6837\u672c\u6570<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u540e\u526a\u679d:\u6700\u540e\u4ece\u4e0b\u5f80\u4e0a\u68c0\u67e5<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\">5.\u6734\u7d20\u8d1d\u53f6\u65af\u516c\u5f0f<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">P(Ck\u2223X)=P(X\u2223Ck)P(Ck)\/P(X)<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\">6.\u968f\u673a\u68ee\u6797 bagging<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u96c6\u6210\u5b66\u4e60:\u901a\u8fc7\u968f\u673a\u91c7\u6837\u5efa\u7acb\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u51b3\u7b56\u6811,\u72ec\u7acb\u5224\u65ad\u6c47\u603b\u7ed3\u679c<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u53cc\u91cd\u968f\u673a\u6027:1.\u6837\u672c\u968f\u673a:\u6709\u653e\u56de\u62bd\u6837<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">2.\u7279\u5f81\u968f\u673a:\u5e76\u4e0d\u8003\u8651\u5168\u90e8\u7279\u5f81,\u968f\u673a\u62bd\u53d6\u4e00\u4e2a\u5b50\u96c6(\u901a\u5e38\u53d6\\sqrt{d},d\u4e3a\u7279\u5f81\u603b\u6570)<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u5e26\u5916\u4f30\u8ba1(OOB):P(\u672a\u88ab\u62bd\u4e2d)=1\/e=36.8%<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>\u5206\u7c7b\u4efb\u52a1<\/strong>\uff1a\u591a\u6570\u8868\u51b3<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">$$<br>\\hat{y}=\\arg\\max_{c}\\sum_{t=1}^{T}\\mathbb{I}[h_t(x)=c]<br>$$<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>\u56de\u5f52\u4efb\u52a1<\/strong>\uff1a\u7b80\u5355\u5e73\u5747<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">$$<br>\\hat{y}=\\frac{1}{T}\\sum_{t=1}^{T}h_t(x)<br>$$<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u7279\u5f81\u91cd\u8981\u6027:\u57fa\u4e8e\u4e0d\u7eaf\u5ea6\u51cf\u5c11(MDI):\u7edf\u8ba1\u6240\u6709\u8282\u70b9\u5e26\u6765\u7684\u4e0d\u7eaf\u5ea6\u4e0b\u964d\u4e4b\u548c,\u5bf9\u9ad8\u57fa\u6570\u7279\u5f81\u7684\u504f\u597d<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u57fa\u4e8e\u6392\u5217\u7684\u91cd\u8981\u6027:\u66f4\u53ef\u9760,\u4e0d\u53d7\u57fa\u6570\u5f71\u54cd<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\">7.GBDT(\u68af\u5ea6\u63d0\u5347\u6811) boosting:XGboost,LightGBM,CatBoost<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u6bcf\u4e2a\u65b0\u6a21\u578b\u90fd\u5728\u62df\u5408\u524d\u9762<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u51fd\u6570 F(x)\uff08\u4e00\u4e2a\u6a21\u578b\uff09<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u8d1f\u68af\u5ea6\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">$$<br>-\\frac{\\partial L}{\\partial F(x)}<br>$$<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u6a21\u578b\u66f4\u65b0\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">$$<br>F_m(x)=F_{m-1}(x)+\\eta \\cdot h_m(x)<br>$$<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-table\"><table class=\"has-fixed-layout\"><thead><tr><th>\u635f\u5931\u51fd\u6570<\/th><th>\u8d1f\u68af\u5ea6\uff08\u6bcf\u68f5\u65b0\u6811\u62df\u5408\u7684\u76ee\u6807\uff09<\/th><\/tr><\/thead><tbody><tr><td>\u5747\u65b9\u8bef\u5dee\uff08MSE\uff09<\/td><td>y &#8211; F(x)\uff0c\u662f\u6b8b\u5dee<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>\u7edd\u5bf9\u8bef\u5dee\uff08MAE\uff09<\/td><td>\\text{sign}(y &#8211; F(x))\uff0c\u53ea\u6709\u65b9\u5411 \\pm 1\uff0c\u5bf9\u5f02\u5e38\u503c\u66f4\u9c81\u68d2<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>\u5bf9\u6570\u635f\u5931\uff08\u5206\u7c7b\uff09<\/td><td>y &#8211; p\uff0c\u771f\u5b9e\u6807\u7b7e\u51cf\u53bb\u9884\u6d4b\u6982\u7387<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">XGboost:\u52a0\u5165\u6b63\u5219\u5316,\u4e8c\u9636\u68af\u5ea6\u4fe1\u606f,\u5de5\u7a0b\u6b63\u5219\u5316,\u5185\u7f6e\u6b63\u5219\u5316,\u65e9\u505c<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">LightGBM:\u4f18\u52bf\u5feb:\u76f4\u65b9\u56fe\u7b97\u6cd5,\u5e26\u6df1\u5ea6\u9650\u5236\u7684leaf-wise\u751f\u957f\u7b56\u7565,\u5355\u8fb9\u68af\u5ea6\u91c7\u6837,\u4e92\u65a5\u7279\u5f81\u6346\u7ed1<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Catboost:\u539f\u751f\u652f\u6301\u7c7b\u522b\u7279\u5f81,\u6392\u5e8f\u63d0\u5347(\u89e3\u51b3\u9884\u6d4b\u504f\u79fb),\u5bf9\u79f0\u6811\u7ed3\u6784<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\">8.k-means\u805a\u7c7b<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u805a\u7c7b:\u5728\u6ca1\u6709\u6807\u7b7e\u7684\u524d\u63d0\u4e0b,\u6839\u636e\u6837\u672c\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u968f\u673a\u6027,\u5c06\u6570\u636e\u81ea\u52a8\u5212\u5206\u4e3a\u82e5\u5e72\u7ec4,\u4f7f\u5f97\u540c\u7ec4\u5185\u6837\u672c\u5c3d\u53ef\u80fd\u76f8\u4f3c,\u4e0d\u540c\u7ec4\u4e4b\u95f4\u5c3d\u53ef\u80fd\u6709\u5dee\u5f02<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u8d28\u5fc3:\u4e00\u4e2a\u7c07\u7684\u4e2d\u5fc3\u4f4d\u7f6e,\u901a\u5e38\u53d6\u8be5\u7c07\u6240\u6709\u70b9\u5728\u5404\u4e2a\u7ef4\u5ea6\u4e0a\u7684\u5747\u503c<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u8ddd\u79bb\u5ea6\u91cf: \u6b27\u6c0f\u8ddd\u79bb<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u4e8c\u7ef4\u5e73\u9762\u4e2d A\u3001B \u4e24\u70b9\u7684\u8ddd\u79bb\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">$$<br>d(A,B)=\\sqrt{(A_x-B_x)^2+(A_y-B_y)^2}<br>$$<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u5f53\u7ef4\u5ea6\u6269\u5c55\u5230 n \u7ef4\u65f6\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">$$<br>d(A,B)=\\sqrt{\\sum_{i=1}^{n}(A_i-B_i)^2}<br>$$<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">K-Means \u8ffd\u6c42\u7684\u662f\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<blockquote class=\"wp-block-quote is-layout-flow wp-block-quote-is-layout-flow\">\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u540c\u4e00\u4e2a\u7c07\u4e2d\u7684\u6837\u672c\u5c3d\u53ef\u80fd\u5f7c\u6b64\u63a5\u8fd1\uff0c\u5e76\u4e14\u5c3d\u91cf\u9760\u8fd1\u8be5\u7c07\u7684\u8d28\u5fc3\u3002<\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u901a\u5e38\u901a\u8fc7<strong>\u7c07\u5185\u5e73\u65b9\u548c SSE\uff08Sum of Squared Errors\uff09<\/strong>\u6765\u8861\u91cf\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">$$<br>SSE=\\sum_{i=1}^{K}\\sum_{x\\in C_i}||x-\\mu_i||^2<br>$$<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u5176\u4e2d\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>C_i\uff1a\u8868\u793a\u7b2c i \u4e2a\u7c07\u3002<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\\mu_i\uff1a\u8868\u793a\u7b2c i \u4e2a\u7c07\u7684\u8d28\u5fc3\u3002<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>||x-\\mu_i||^2\uff1a\u8868\u793a\u6837\u672c\u70b9\u5230\u8d28\u5fc3\u7684\u5e73\u65b9\u8ddd\u79bb\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>SSE \u8d8a\u5c0f\uff0c\u8bf4\u660e\u7c07\u5185\u6837\u672c\u8d8a\u7d27\u51d1\uff0c\u805a\u7c7b\u6548\u679c\u901a\u5e38\u8d8a\u597d\u3002<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u4f18\u5316:\u521d\u59cb\u8d28\u5fc3\u9009\u62e9(K-means++):\u4f18\u5148\u8003\u8651\u54ea\u4e9b\u8ddd\u79bb\u5f53\u524d\u5df2\u6709\u8d28\u5fc3\u8f83\u8fdc\u7684\u6837\u672c\u70b9<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u8098\u90e8\u6cd5\u5219\u9009\u62e9k\u503c(\u659c\u7387\u7a81\u7136\u51cf\u5c0f,\u66f2\u7ebf\u7531\u9661\u8f6c\u5e73)<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u5176\u4ed6\u5e38\u89c1\u805a\u7c7b\u7b97\u6cd5:K-Medoids(\u4e2d\u5fc3\u70b9\u805a\u7c7b):\u5f3a\u5236\u9009\u53d6\u5b9e\u9645\u5b58\u5728\u7684\u6570\u636e\u70b9\u4f5c\u4e3a\u8d28\u5fc3<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">DBSCAN(\u57fa\u4e8e\u5bc6\u5ea6\u805a\u7c7b):\u901a\u8fc7\u6837\u672c\u7684\u5bc6\u5ea6\u6765\u5212\u5206\u7c07<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u5c42\u6b21\u805a\u7c7b:\u8ba1\u7b97\u8282\u70b9\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u8ddd\u79bb.\u6784\u5efa\u4e00\u9897\u805a\u7c7b\u6811<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\">9.PCA\u4e3b\u6210\u5206\u5206\u6790<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u7ef4\u5ea6\u707e\u96be:\u8ba1\u7b97\u6210\u672c\u6025\u5267\u589e\u957f,\u6570\u636e\u7a00\u758f\u6027\u4e0e\u8fc7\u62df\u5408\u98ce\u9669,\u8ddd\u79bb\u5ea6\u91cf\u5931\u6548,\u591a\u91cd\u5171\u7ebf\u95ee\u9898<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u6838\u5fc3:\u5c06\u9ad8\u7ef4\u6570\u636e\u6295\u5f71\u5230\u4f4e\u7ef4\u7a7a\u95f4,\u540c\u65f6\u5c3d\u53ef\u80fd\u4fdd\u7559\u6570\u636e\u4e2d\u5b58\u5728\u7684\u6700\u5927\u65b9\u5dee(\u5373\u4fe1\u606f\u91cf)<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u6d41\u7a0b:1.\u53bb\u4e2d\u5fc3\u5316\u5904\u7406<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-preformatted\">2.\u8ba1\u7b97\u534f\u65b9\u5dee\u77e9\u9635:<\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">$$<br>C=\\frac{1}{n-1}X^TX<br>$$<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">(n-1\u8d1d\u585e\u5c14\u4fee\u6b63,\u81ea\u7531\u5ea6\u5c11\u4e00)<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u5bf9\u534f\u65b9\u5dee\u77e9\u9635 C \u8fdb\u884c\u7279\u5f81\u5206\u89e3\uff0c\u6c42\u89e3\u6240\u6709\u7279\u5f81\u503c \\lambda \u548c\u5bf9\u5e94\u7684\u7279\u5f81\u5411\u91cf v\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">$$<br>Cv=\\lambda v<br>$$<\/p>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>\u7279\u5f81\u5411\u91cf\uff1a<\/strong> \u65b0\u7684\u5750\u6807\u8f74\u65b9\u5411\uff0c\u5373\u4e3b\u6210\u5206\u65b9\u5411\u3002<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>\u7279\u5f81\u503c\uff1a<\/strong> \u4ee3\u8868\u6570\u636e\u6295\u5f71\u5230\u5bf9\u5e94\u7279\u5f81\u5411\u91cf\u4e0a\u7684\u65b9\u5dee\u5927\u5c0f\uff0c\u4e5f\u5c31\u662f\u4e3b\u6210\u5206\u7684\u91cd\u8981\u6027\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\">10.svm\u652f\u6301\u5411\u91cf\u673a<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u6838\u5fc3:\u5728\u6837\u672c\u7a7a\u95f4\u4e2d\u627e\u5230\u4e00\u4e2a\u6700\u4f18\u8d85\u5e73\u9762\uff0c\u4f7f\u4e0d\u540c\u7c7b\u522b\u6837\u672c\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u95f4\u9694\u6700\u5927\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">SVM\u9884\u6d4b\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">$$<br>f(x)=w^Tx+b<br>$$<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u6839\u636e\u7b26\u53f7\u5224\u65ad\u7c7b\u522b\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">$$<br>y= \\begin{cases} +1,&amp;w^Tx+b&gt;0\\\\ -1,&amp;w^Tx+b&lt;0 \\end{cases}<br>$$<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u652f\u6301\u5411\u91cf\uff1a\u79bb\u8d85\u5e73\u9762\u6700\u8fd1\u7684\u6837\u672c\u70b9<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>\u786c\u95f4\u9694<\/strong>: SVM\u8981\u6c42\uff1a\u6240\u6709\u6837\u672c\u6b63\u786e\u5206\u7c7b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u7ea6\u675f\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">$$<br>y_i(w^Tx_i+b)\\geq1<br>$$<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">y_i\uff1a\u771f\u5b9e\u6807\u7b7e(+1\/-1) w^Tx_i+b\uff1a\u9884\u6d4b\u7ed3\u679c<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>\u8f6f\u95f4\u9694<\/strong>:\u5141\u8bb8\u90e8\u5206\u6837\u672c\u8fdb\u5165\u95f4\u9694,\u5206\u7c7b\u9519\u8bef<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u5f15\u5165\u677e\u5f1b\u53d8\u91cf\u8868\u793a\u7b2ci\u4e2a\u6837\u672c\u8fdd\u53cd\u95f4\u9694\u7a0b\u5ea6\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u7ea6\u675f\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">$$<br>y_i(w^Tx_i+b)\\ge1-\\xi_i<br>$$<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">$$<br>\\xi_i\\ge0<br>$$<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u4f18\u5316:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">$$<br>\\min \\frac12||w||^2 + C\\sum_i\\xi_i<br>$$<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u5347\u7ef4\u8f6c\u6362,kernel trick\u6838\u6280\u5de7,<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u673a\u5668\u5b66\u4e60\u5165\u95e8 luqimu \u4e00.\u57fa\u7840\u77e5\u8bc6\u4e0e\u672f\u8bed 1.machine learning \u5b9a\u4e49:\u5bf9\u4e8e\u4e00\u4e2a\u8ba1\u7b97\u673a\u7a0b\u5e8f 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